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Title:
"Document 4024-PS: [Economic Development of Action Reinhardt], Part 01-09
[partial translation]",
in Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression. Supplement A: Closing Address, Closing Arguments,
Closing Statements; Documents Introduced in Evidence By
British and American Prosecutors. District of Columbia: GPO, 1947. pp. 744-770.
Author: US Chief
of Counsel for Prosecution of Axis Criminality
Accession Number:
AC_94X_09672 Publication Date: PD_19470101. Document Type: Government Document.
Source Document Language(s): English See Also Related Document Supersets: ANCA;
NCA; NWCT Country of Publication: USA
Fulltext: TOP
SECRET
The Higher SS and
Police Chief in the Operational Zone of the Adriatic Coast
Trieste, 1/5/1944.
Gl./Go.-Diery No.
1/44 Top Secret PK.
To the
Reichsfuehrer SS and Reich Minister of the Interior Heinrich Himmler Berlin
Reichsfuehrer,
I am taking the
liberty of submitting to you in the enclosed a report on the economic
development of the Action Reinhardt, as you, Reichsfuehrer, ordered in your
letter of 9/22/1943 that I should have this completed and submitted by
12/31/1943. However the recognition given me for the Action also impels me to
give you, Reichsfuehrer, an account of the economic side, in order that you,
Reichsfuehrer, may thereby see that in this respect also, the work was in
order. Though SS Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl has not yet had time to take over, I
nevertheless hope that these data will be of assistance.
A proper winding
up and my relief is necessary because I carried out this activity within the
framework of the SS and it must therefore be wound up in a proper manner with
regard to the competent Reich authorities. The Action Reinhardt was also too
dangerous.
In addition,
however, a certain odium still rests upon me to the effect that in all economic
matters I do not maintain the necessary order, and in this respect I must
advance indisputable proof that this is not so.
The total
accounting is composed of two parts:
1. The economic part of the
Action Reinhardt with the subdivisions a. Accounting and delivery of the assets
seized and b. Accounting of the assets attained by the work.
There is one
additional factor to be added to the total accounting of "Reinhardt"
which is that the vouchers dealing with it must be destroyed as soon as
possible after the data have already been destroyed by all other works
concerned in this matter. With regard to the SWG (Settlers' Economic
Association), the question is not only the financial order, but also a transfer
so that this institution may be maintained for the settlers.
Only after I have
been relieved of both matters will my functions in both be terminated.
I request, Reichsfuehrer, that you lay down a deadline by which the
final winding up has to be completed on the spot on the basis of my data.
I have taken the
liberty of sending a copy to SS Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl.
Heil Hitler Yours
obediently [signed] GLOBOCNIK
[Rubber Stamp:]
Personal Staff, Reichsfuehrer SS, Rec'd: 1/10/1944. Diary No. 1851?44 Top Secret To: RF
4 copies, first
copy
Economic Aspect of
the Action Reinhardt, gathered together in the SS Economic and Administrative
Head Office--Special Task "G", which I am in charge of and of which I
have not been relieved:
The entire Action
Reinhardt is divided into four spheres: A. The expulsion itself. B. The
employment of labour. C. The exploitation of property. D. Seizure of hidden
goods and landed property. [=]
A. The Deportation
This
is settled and completed. In this case the prerequisite was to get hold of the
people with the small forces available and to cause as little economic damage
as possible to war production by methodically appropriate measures. On the
whole this was achieved. Considerable damage occurred only in Warsaw, where,
owing to ignorance of the position, the methods applied in the final action
were entirely wrong.
I
was no longer able to carry out the action in Litzmannstadt (Lodz) myself
because of my transfer.
The
equipment which was provided for this action from seized goods, which however are
to be considered as Reich property, have been removed
completely. For reasons of surveillance in each camp a small farm was created
which is occupied by an expert.
An
income must regularly be paid to him so that he can maintain the small farm.
The
entire manpower was put into closed camps, to which essential war production
was transferred.
For
this purpose the following conditions had to be created:
1. Erection of all camps.
a. Achieved by adequate
security precautions
For
this purpose the SS guards were developed, the overwhelming majority of whom carried out their duties satisfactorily led by Germans.
Their
reliability was to be increased by mixing these guards with Reich German guards
from the concentration camps.
The
demand from these offices was considerable. "Osti" and the German
Equipment Works were firms under my own supervision, whereas other concerns,
such as the Heinkel aircraft works were only looked after by me.
Enclosure
1 contained factory reports and output figures. The number of orders was so
large that the German Equipment Works (DAW) was fully occupied up to March and
the other -factories had enough work for 2-3 months.
The exploitation of property which was
carried out by Reinhardt. It has been completed as shown in Enclosure 2. [=]
The
seizure of hidden goods and exploitation of landed property is divided into:
1. Property such as machinery,
raw material, etc., handed over by the "Osti" to Aryans. To date the
result is 6.3 million Reichsmarks; a further 7-8 million Reichsmarks are yet to
be brought in. This seizure had furthermore the advantage that all those were
affected who had built up industries for themselves in this manner, with the
help of Jews without cost to themselves and had become rich without effort.
The measures taken
were as follows:
1. On the 8/13/1943 the SS
Training Camp of Trawniki was handed over by SS Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl (see
letter of 8/18/1943-Chief A/Fr./S-Enclosure 3).
On 11/3/1943 the
workers were withdrawn from the labor camps and the works shut down. The Camp
leaders were not informed of this action although the responsibility rested
with them. I was thus impeded in my supervisory duty. I have ordered the Camp
Leaders to wind up and continue determining the contracts and/or transferring
stocks.
On the day before
the evacuation of the camps, General Schindler of the Armaments Inspectorate,
Cracow, arranged with the Camp Leaders on the basis of a promise from SS
Obergruppenfuehrer Krueger, that (a) In the future
only armament contracts were to be given to the labor camps. b. He had received
the assurance on 2.11 that a further 10,000 Jews were to be removed for
armament work.
It was no longer
possible to carry on with this arrangement.
[Sgd] Globocnik. SS Gruppenfuehrer and Lt.
General of Police.
These enclosures
are the papers mentioned in SS Gruppenfuehrer Globocnik's letter of the
1/5/1944. They have been taken out to facilitate depositing.
Report On the
Administrative Development of the Action Reinhardt
I.
All
the assets acquired as a result of this Action were centrally mustered by an
administration set up by me, duly classified and booked. The muster extends to
the entire Government-General. The personnel came from the SS Economic and
Administrative Head Office (WVHA).
The
utilization and winding up of the assets was carried out on the basis of
directives by the Reichsfuehrer SS. During the course of the Action this was
summed up in a directive of 9/26/1942 and 12/9/1943, and the SS Economic and
Administrative Head Office was given the task of winding up with regard to the
Reich authorities.
The
assets I collected were regularly delivered to the SS Economic and
Administrative Head Office against receipts, and they in turn passed on the
assets to the Reichsbank, the Reich Ministry of Finance, textile concerns, etc.
On
the orders of the Reichsfuehrer SS, necessary articles could be removed for the
maintenance of persons of the German race. The Reichsfuehrer SS forbade any
appropriation for the purposes of the SS.
What
is remarkable about the accounting is that no hard and fast basis for the
amount collected existed, as the collection of the assets was carried out under
orders and only the decency and honesty, as well as the surveillance, of the SS
men used for this purpose could guarantee a complete delivery. Nevertheless
what was seized and collected and received by the Department Reinhardt was
listed and delivered without error and with the greatest accuracy. A
preliminary examination up to 4/1/1943 by SS Obersturmbannfuehrer Vogt of the
SS Economic and Administrative Head Office has already taken place and has
revealed perfect order. For the balance, the preliminary examination has still
to be carried out.
In
accordance with an agreement with the Reich Ministry of Finance, this
preliminary examination is final and the vouchers and data will be destroyed in
accordance with Security regulations, cutting out the Reich Accounting Office.
1.
Sums
of Reichsmarks and Zloty. The entire expenditure transport costs, dues, etc.
incurred as a result of this Action were covered from these receipts. By far
the greater portion was placed at the disposal of the SS Economist in the
Government General and the amounts were credited to the Action Reinhardt in
Reichsmarks by the SS Economic and Administrative Head Office by an accounting
transaction and handed over to the Reichsbank.
A
small portion was used for foreign currency reasons as a credit for various
economic enterprises and then also credited by the SS Economic and
Administrative Head Office by an accounting transaction.
In
addition, differences arising from increases in the price of urgently required
raw material supplies were covered. All these transactions were carried out
with the consent of the SS Economic and Administrative Head Office. A further
amount was placed at the disposal of the Concentration Camp currently for
additional building operations, to develop the economic concern and to obtain
the necessary agricultural machinery, etc. Exact accounts were kept of this,
the purchases were always confirmed by me, and the documents covering this will
also be attached to the final account. The accounts were kept by the
Administrative Chief of the Concentration Camp and were actually kept separate
from my administration, as the Concentration Camp Administration was
independent of the SS Garrison Administration Lublin by order of the SS
Economic and Administrative Head Office. The authority which finally takes over
the concern will have to reimburse Reinhardt for these expenditures.
The
best garments were separated and by order of the Reichsfuehrer SS were used for
supplying persons of the German race. Shoes were also sorted according to how
far they could be used and then either given to persons of German race or to
concentration camps for supplying inmates, or else taken to pieces and used for
wooden shoes for supplying inmates.
It
was attempted to take from articles which could no longer be used parts such as
locks, hinges, and the like, and to use these elsewhere.
The
vouchers pertaining to the loaned articles were submitted monthly to the Higher
SS and Police Chief East.
In accordance with
the order of the Reichsfuehrer SS of the 22.9, the total takings are now
closed, evaluated and passed on, so that there is hardly any mass left now.
Equipment which
was necessary for carrying out the Action, such as barracks, camp equipment,
vehicles, and such like, which had been purchased out of the monies obtained,
is still on hand.
This equipment has
been registered. A decision must, however, still be taken as to what purpose it
is to serve.
The total value of
the articles received is, according to the attached list, approximately 18
million Reichsmarks. However, minimum values have been assured, so that the
total value is most likely twice as much, quite apart from the value of the
articles obtained which are in short supply, such as textiles, of which alone
more than 1900 wagons have been made available to German industry.
[signed] GLOBOCNIK SS Gruppenfuehrer and Lt. General of
Police [=]
Assets
delivered from Action Reinhard
The following
assets from the Action "Reinhard" were delivered to the SS Economic
and Administrative Head Office, Berlin, for further transmission to the
Reichsbank or to the Reich Ministry of Economics:
a. Reichsmark sums totaling RM
53,013,133.51
Total RM
100,047,983.91
1,000 wagons of
textiles and about another 50% of the above mentioned assets - which still have
to be counted and valued - are warehoused here. It should be noted here that
the estimated values were based on the officially established rates of exchange
or prices, which however would be much higher on the open market, for instance
in the sale of precious stones or precious metals abroad, as the flight to
investments in articles whose value is not subject to much fluctuation is much
greater there than with us. Besides these sales abroad bring
us foreign currency. If these prices were taken as a basis of evaluation
here, this was done in order to be able to give a picture of the assets
delivered; in general this evaluation is not authoritative. The value of the
acquisition lies principally in the fact that such large quantities of urgently
needed raw materials can thereby be gained and that, on the basis of the assets
obtained, foreign currency can be brought in, with which raw materials can in
turn be bought by Reich authorities.
[Sgd.] Globocnik SS Gruppenfuehrer and Lieut. General of Police.
____________ 1
detailed list enclosed herewith.
List of Jewish property
received for delivery up to 3.2.1943, showing values
[Editor's Note: The following tables are reproduced as they appear in
original German document although accuracy of calculations is questionable.]
[rubber stamp]
Personal
Staff Reichsfuehrer SS Ref. No. Secret/115
1. Cash in hand:
o
RM
16,931,722.01;
o
Delivery
SS-Economist, Cracow: RM 31.5 million;
o
SS-Econ.-Admin.
Head Office Berlin-(RB): RM 5.58 million;
[Total]:
RM 53 million
[Total]: RM
1,452,904.65
Total: RM
843,802.75
Total: RM
5.35 million
Total: RM
26,089,800.00
Total: RM
13,294,400.00
Totals:
Total: RM
100 million.
Lublin, 2/27/1943.
/S/
[?] SS
Sturmbannfuehrer
Situation with
Regard to Orders of the Concerns of the SS and Labor Camps in Lublin District
on 11/3/1943
·
The
situation with regard to orders, according to Industrial concerns:
o
Ostindustrie
G.n.b.H. (Eastern Industry Co., F Ltd.), Lublin: ZI 5.55 million. Encl.
o
German
Equipment Works, Lublin ZI 7.98 million. Encl.
o
Textile
Works, Poniatowa ZI 13 million. Encl.
o
Fur
Works, Trawniki ZI 4.63 million. Encl. Total: ZI 31 million. [As it is almost
entirely a question of wage. contracts, the situation with regard to orders
represents essentially only wage and administration costs.The actual value of
production if the concerns had to produce their own materials would therefore
have been at least 50% higher.]
[signed] GLOBOCNIK
Situation with
regard to orders of the "Ostindustrie" G. Ltd., Lublin, the 11/3/1943
Factory:
Of which Wehrmacht orders in Zloty:
III Brush Factory Factory for bristles, Wicker works factory:
(1) 724,000 painting brushes and brushes of various kinds
(2) Repairs of 135,000 ammunition baskets
(3) 15,000 kg bristles for dressing
(1) W BA Berlin RWL II of the Waffen-SS etc.
(2) Munition store Lublin
(3) Various deliveries to Navy and to private firms
(1) 1.592 million
(2) 216,000
(3) 210,000
(1) 1.39 million
(2) 216,000
(3) 105,000
(1) 200,000
(2)
(3) 105,000
V Mechanical and other factories in Lublin
(1) Production of 1.5 million threaded fuses
(2) Production of 4.5 million buckles
(3) Repairs to 37,500 tin packing receptacles
(4) Taking to pieces of 3,000 gun carriage installations
(5) Repairs to 15,000 motor car component parts
(6) Repairs to about 3,000 watches (or clocks) and other repairs of various kinds
(7) Preparing 18,000 articles of military equipment
(1) Navy (Planning Syndicate)
(2) Cossack division (Army) others
(3) Munition store, Lublin
(4) Airforce (Planning Syndicate)
(5) HKP Lublin
(6) Navy and civilian firms
(7) Factory Kienle Stuggart for Navy
(1) 1.35 million
(2) 1.62 million
(3) 150,000
(4) 40,000
(5) 75,000
(6) 60,000
(7) 25,200
(1) 1,350,000
(2) 1.62 million
(3) 150,000
(4) 40,000
(5) 75,000
(6) 15,000
(7) 25,200
(6) 45,000
{Totals]:
Total value in Zloty: 5.55 million Of which
Wehrmacht orders in Zloty:
5.198 million Civilian orders in Zloty: 354,500
The above figures for
orders include, together with the current orders for permanent orders, figures
for 3 months only. [=]
Enclosure 2
Situation with Regard to
Orders of the German Equipment Works-Works Lublin on 11/3/1943
Manufacturing Group:
Wood:
Total value in Zloty: 5,728,000.00
Of this:
Wehrmacht Orders in Zloty: 3.899 million
Available Orders in Zloty: 1.82 million
Metal: 151,000.00 130,000.00 21,000.00
Textiles: 28,000.00 14,000.00 14,000.00
Leather: 660,000.00 570,000.00 90,000.00
Others: 1.422 million 162,000.00 1.26
million
{Total]:
7.989 million
4.775 million
3.21 million
Note.The above figures of
orders contain, besides the current orders, figures
for three months only for permanent orders.
The German equipment works
were the best developed works.
41 Aryan leading personnel
ran 5,445 Jewish workers who worked 1.115 million working days in the first 10
months of the year 1943 with 31 million Zloty in the bank and till.
Woodworking was in the
foreground, 7,600 square meters [Editor's note: Cubic meters are obviously
meant] of wood being dealt with.
Shoemaking also rose to
337,250 pairs and was to be raised to 450,000 pairs by the repair work shop
which is being newly added.
331,700 square meters of
roofing felt were produced during this period.
Woodworking was to have
been extended considerably by the purchase of a sawmill of their own and the
by-products utilized, as the production of wood for producer gas and the making
of charcoal; the tar produced thus could again have been used in the production
of roofing felt.
Another considerable
production was the manufacturing of 2,500 Finnish tents and the monthly
preparation of 25,000 packing containers.
71,000 knapsacks and
haversacks were also repaired.
5,000 optical instruments
were taken to pieces.
1,270 motor cars were
repaired.
Production in 1944 is said
to have been:
Wood cut: 20,000 cubic meters
Manufacture of shelter equipment: 15,000
units
Doors, windows, shelves: .20,000 units
Bell tents: 5,000 units
Preparation of packing containers:
250,000 units
Wooden soles: 6,000 units
Brush handles: 4.8 million units
Fuel for wood-burners: 2,0000 Rm.
Charcoal: 4,500 Kg.
Roofing felt: 2 million Sq. m.
The capacity is best shown
by the fact that 312 working unions of the partisans in the government,
generally, did not even have twice the turnover of the DAW alone. The orders
were covered by 83% work for the Wehrmacht and 17% for the civil field.
Situation with regard to
orders of the textile works 11/3/1943
Manufacturing Group:
Textile orders
Orders:
Of this:
Fur clothing:
Leather goods.
Iron orders.
Reinforced
concrete construction.
Note.-The above figures of
orders contain, besides the current orders, figures for 3 months only for
permanent orders. [=]
Appendix 2
Provisional balance sheet
of the Action "Reinhardt" till, Lublin, for 12/16/1943
The following money and
stocks were brought to the German Reich during the course of the Action
"Reinhardt", Lublin, during the period 4/1/1942-12/15/1943 inclusive:
Cash:
Cash:
Totals
Precious Metals:
Foreign Currency in Notes:
Currency in gold coins:
Jewellery and other
valuables:
Textiles:
Total Compilation:
[signed]
Rzepa SS Oberscharfuehrer and Chief of Cash Office
[signed]
Wippern SS Sturmbannfuehrer and Chief of Administration
[sgd]
Globocnik [=] [Rubber Stamp:] Personal Staff Reichsfuehrer SS, Ref. No.
Secret/115
[initialled]
H. H. [Himmler]
__________ Measures for
Pacifying Foreign Nationals During Transfer of
Populations
Z-Villages
Security
Questions.
a. Villages which lie within
that part of the district of z-areas which is to be colonized will be combed
for elements who are a danger to security, so that
only the reliable part of the population will remain.
Security measures are
always looked upon with understanding by the peaceful part of the population;
this will therefore be a way to pacify the population.
The
Question of Expropriation.
State
Property.
Time for
Colonization.
I therefore request the
Reichsfuehrer SS to leave the hitherto existing measures as they are.
The above-mentioned facts
may not have been known to governor Waechter when the report was made.
[signed]
Globocnik SS Gruppenfuehrer and Lieut. General of Police
[Rubber stamp] Personal
Staff, Reichsfuehrer SS Correspondence administration File
No. Secret/115
Measures for the further
transfer of populations
As many quarters express
themselves against the transfer of populations on the grounds that it causes
too much unrest among the foreigners, thus disturbing production, the following
measures have been decided upon:
1. Verbal propaganda will
spread news about the discontinuation of these transfers.
O. U. the 7/1/1943
[initialled] H. H. [Himmler]
1. In the course of the
security operation Werewolf I, the area roughly west of the points colonization
area via Bilgoraj-Tarnogrod, bordered on the West by the district frontier,
extending southwards are far as Belzec and from there along the road via
Tomasgow to Zamosc as far as the southern border of the colonization area has
been cleared of the native population.
a. The Ukrainians already
living there will receive more land up to an average area of 6 hectares, so
that a part of the evacuated land will already be colonized in that way, and
I.
The
population of this area, who have lived on robbery and banditry for decades, is
removed.
II.
About
30,000 workers are brought to the Reich.
III.
The
territory surrounding the German settlement area will then be settled with
Ukrainians, who form a sort of buffer and are more peacefully inclined toward
Germandom.
IV.
In
addition, as a result of this colonization, the state of tension of the Poles
will be transferred to the Ukrainians, and they are turned into defense forces.
V.
A
new agrarian structure arises as proletarian ownership disappears and an
average farm area of 6 hectares is formed, which contributes to intensification
and increased production.
VI.
The
German colonization territory will be free for a further influx of Germans,
this presupposing a security measure. But the German colonization territory
will thereby be enlarged which helps toward the essential security of the
territory. Pressure by the Poles can then be exerted only from the North and it
is then easier to guarantee the security of the colonization territory from one
side.
[Signed] Globocnik
SS Gruppenfuehrer and Lt. General of Police. [=] Trieste, 11/4/1943
The
Higher SS and Police Chief in the Operational Zone of the Adriatic Coastal
Area.
Gl./Go. Diary No. 225/43 [initialled] H. H. [Himmler]
To the Reichsfuehrer SS and
Chief of the German Police, Heinrich Himmler, Berlin
I concluded Operation
Reinhardt, which I have been directing on the government-general, on
10/19/1943, and have dissolved all camps.
I take the liberty of
submitting the attached portfolio to you, Reichsfuehrer, as my final statement.
My observations on Lublin
showed that a special center of radiation existed in the government-general and
particularly in the Lublin district, and I have tried,
therefore, to capture these dangerous tendencies graphically. It may prove to
be a good thing for the future if we can point to the elimination of this
danger. I have, however, also endeavored to give a picture of the employment of
labor, from which one can not only gather the extent
of the work, but also with how few Germans this fatal effort was made possible.
It has at any rate grown to such proportions today, that well known industries
are interesting themselves in it.
I have meanwhile handed
these labor camps over to SS Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl.
Please, Reichsfuehrer, look
through this portfolio.
During a visit, you,
Reichsfuehrer, held out to me the prospect that a few Iron Crosses might be
awarded for the special performances of this hard task after the work had been concluded.
Please advise me, Reichsfuehrer, whether I may submit suggestions in this
connection.
I beg to point out that
such an award to the forces of the local SS and Police Chief was authorized for
the work in Warsaw, which formed only a comparatively small part of the total
work.
I should be grateful to
you, Reichsfuehrer, for a positive decision regarding this matter, as I would
like to see the hard work of my men rewarded.
Heil
Hitler! [signed] Globocnik SS Gruppenfuehrer and Lieut. General of Police
Note for the files Action
"Reinhardt" also comes under "Top Secret" 1851/43 Secret.
[Initialed] H
Field-Command Post,
11/30/1943
The
Reichsfuehrer SS RF/M
[Rubber Stamp] Personal Staff, Reichsfuehrer SS Correspondence Administration.
File No. Secret 155
To the Higher SS and Police
Chief in the Adriatic Coast zone of operations, SS Gruppenfuehrer GLOBOCNIK
Dear GLOBOCNIK,
I confirm receipt of your
letter dated 11/4/1943 and your notification regarding the termination of
action Reinhardt. Also I thank you for the portfolio you sent me.
I express to you my thanks
and my acknowledgment for the great and unique services which you have
performed to the entire German people by carrying out the action Reinhardt.
Heil Hitler! Sincerely
yours [signed] H. H. [H. Himmler] [=]